DSPQ – Demand Side Power Quality - Recognising problems before they occur
1. Description of correlations, objectives and limits
The fi rst step involves an analysis of the internal power grid infrastructure for all the plant components, zones, energy supplies and consumers in focus.
The plan to be implemented contains participants, time frame, resources, etc.
2. Evaluation of the current PQ situation
In a second step, the essential loads and their eff ects on the in-house mains are evaluated (e.g. PQ simulation). In reference to the defi ned targets, we determine which data has to be acquired at which point in the existing system in order to gain the required insights. This forms the basis for the measuring equipment required. The already existing measuring infrastructure is also taken into consideration and included wherever possible.
3. Definition of an action plan to improve the PQ situation
On basis of the previous analysis, appropriate measures are proposed to achieve the DSPQ targets described (DSPQ: Demand Side Power Quality). A detailed action plan needs to be defi ned. This includes all aspects of the planned measuring campaign – i.e. measuring instruments and their installation, technical data acquisition, combination and consolidation as well as planning of the time frame, the internal communication and cyclical verifi cation of the acquisition system in this phase.
4. Implementation of the action plan to establish the PQ measuring system
The next step comprises the detailed implementation of the developed and approved action plan. This includes, in particular, the physical installation of all components needed to acquire the required data. The DSPQ measuring system is constructed and commissioned.
5. Use of the measuring system and evaluation of measured data
The measures included in the action plan have been implemented in line with their priority and the eff ects can be verifi ed by the DSPQ measuring system. Data is systematically acquired, stored and is available for continuous evaluation. This enables the constant assessment of the PQ situation. Improvements over time are shown.
6. Maintenance of the measuring system
In a last step, the DSPQ measuring system is checked in order to ensure the sustaining operation of the future measuring infrastructure. Lasting, safe and accurate measuring data acquisition is important in this respect. Relevant measures are discussed with the customer and described in an action plan (e.g. for maintenance and upkeep).
24/7 - stationary measurement of power quality
Measurement of all electrical variables incl. event recording and disturbance recorder function | |
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SINEAX AM SERIES (AC)Compact devices for measurement and monitoring in the power system
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SINEAX DM5000 (AC)Compact device to monitor all aspects of power distribution
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APLUS (AC)The system for power system analysis
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Measuring instruments for power quality monitoring according to Class A, metrologically certified | |
LINAX PQ SERIES (AC)Compact devices for power quality monitoring in electrical grids
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Mobile measurement of power quality
Mobile Geräte | |
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MAVOWATT 230 (AC/DC)Three-phase energy and grid disturbance analysers
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MAVOWATT 240 (AC/DC)All Mavowatt 230 capabilities, plus:
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MAVOWATT 270 (AC/DC)All Mavowatt 240 capabilities, plus:
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MAVOWATT 270-400 (AC/DC)All Mavowatt 240 capabilities, plus:
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MAVOWATT 30 (AC/DC)8-channel grid disturbance analyser
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LINAX PQ5000 MOBILE (AC)Mobile device to monitor power quality in electrical grids
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METRAHIT ENERGYOne-phase energy and grid disturbance analyser (TRMS power multimeter)
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24/7 - Overview devices stationary measurement
PQ-Device differentiation | SINEAX AM Series |
SINEAX DM5000 |
APLUS | LINAX PQ Series |
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Design | 96 x 96 / 144 x 144 | DIN Hutschiene | 96 x 96 | DIN Hut./ 144 x 144 |
Display/operation | ▪ / Buttons | ▪ / Buttons | ▪ / Buttons | ▪ / Buttons |
Measuring | ||||
IEC 61000-4-30 Class A | - | - | - | Ed. 3 |
Sampling rate (bandwidth) | 18 kHz (4,5 kHz) | 18 kHz (4,5 kHz) | 6,4 kHz | 18 kHz (4,5 kHz) |
Samples per period 50 / 60 Hz | 360 / 300 | 360 / 300 | 128 / 128 | 360 / 300 |
Transientrecord | Waveform | Waveform | Waveform | Waveform |
RCM | ▪ | ▪ | - | ▪ |
Energy meter | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ |
Conformity standards | - | - | - | EN 50160 IEC 61000-2-2 IEC 61000-2-4 IEC 61000-2-12 IEEE 519 GB/T |
Accuracy U / I [%] | 0,1 / 0,1 | 0,1 / 0,1 | 0,1 / 0,1 | 0,1 |
Accuracy energy meter | 0,2S / 0,5S | 0,2S | 0,5S | 0,2S |
Voltage measurement | ||||
Overvoltage category | 600 V CAT III | 600 V CAT III | 600 V CAT III | 600 V CAT III |
Number of channels | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 |
Measuring range LN / LL | 480 V / 832 V | 480 V / 832 V | 480 V / 832 V | 480 V / 832 V |
Power frequency | 42 … 69,5 Hz | 42 … 69,5 Hz | 45 … 65 Hz | 42 … 69,5 Hz |
Current measurement | ||||
Memory size | CT | CT | CT / Rogowski | CT |
Category | 300 V CAT III | 300 V CAT III | 300 V CAT III | 300 V CAT III |
Number of channels | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 |
Measuring range (device) In / Imax | 5 A / 7.5 A | 5 A / 7.5 A | 5 A / 7.5 A | 5 A / 7.5 A |
Recording/protocol | ||||
Speichergrösse | 16GB | 16GB | 8GB | 16GB |
PQDIF | - | - | - | via Gerät |
CSV | via Webbrowser | via Webbrowser | via Software | via webbrowser |
PDF conformity report | - | - | - | via browser/software |
Power supply | ||||
Supply | 100/230 V AC/DC 24/48 V DC |
100/230 V AC/DC 24/48 V DC |
100/230 V AC/DC 24…230 V DC |
100/230 V AC/DC 24/48 V DC |
Battery power reserve or UPS | 5 x 3 min | 5 x 3 min | - | 5 x 3 min |
Communication | ||||
Interface | Ethernet RS485 |
Ethernet RS485 |
Ethernet RS485 |
Ethernet RS485 |
Protocol | Modbus Profinet IEC 61850 |
Modbus Profinet IEC 61850 |
Modbus Profibus DP |
Modbus Profinet IEC 61850 |
Fault finding - overview mobile devices
MAVOWATT 230 | MAVOWATT 240 | MAVOWATT 270 | MAVOWATT 270-400 |
MAVOWATT 30 |
METRAHIT ENERGY |
LINAX PQ5000 MOBILE |
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Handheld | Handheld | Handheld | Handheld | Handheld | Handheld | Handheld |
▪ / Touch | ▪ / Touch | ▪ / Touch | ▪ / Touch | ▪ / Touch | ▪ / Buttons | – / Buttons |
Ed. 2 | Ed. 2 | Ed. 2 | Ed. 2 | Ed. 2 | - | Ed. 3 |
25,6 kHz (7 kHz) | 25,6 kHz (7 kHz) | 25,6 kHz (7 kHz) | 25,6 kHz (9 kHz) | 12,8 kHz | 2 kHz (100 kHz) | 18 kHz (4,5 kHz) |
512 / 427 | 512 / 427 | 512 / 427 | 512 / 427 (400 Hz: 32) |
256 / 213 | 40 / 33 | 360 / 300 |
>32μs | >32μs | >1μs | >1μs | >80μs | 0,5 … 5μs | - |
- | - | - | - | - | - | - |
▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ |
EN 50160 IEEE 519 |
EN 50160 IEEE 519 |
EN 50160 IEEE 519 |
EN 50160 IEEE 519 |
EN 50160 IEEE 519 |
- | EN 50160 IEC 61000-2-2 IEC 61000-2-4 IEC 61000-2-12 IEEE 519 GB/T |
0,1±0,05FS | 0,1±0,05FS | 0,1±0,05FS | 0,1±0,05FS | 0,1±0,05FS | 0,2+30D / 0,5+25D | 0,1 |
0,2S | 0,2S | 0,2S | 0,2S | - | 0,4+20D | 0,2S |
1000 V CAT III | 1000 V CAT III | 1000 V CAT III | 1000 V CAT III | 600 V CAT III | 600 V CAT III | 600 V CAT III |
4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 4 |
600 V / 1000 V | 600 V / 1000 V | 600 V / 1000 V | 600 V / 1000 V | 600 V / 1000 V | 600 V | 480 V / 832 V |
16 … 25 Hz 42,5 … 65 Hz |
16 … 25 Hz 42,5 … 65 Hz |
16 … 25 Hz 42,5 … 65 Hz |
42,5 … 65 Hz 380 … 420 Hz |
15 … 20 Hz 40 … 3000 Hz |
DC 15 … 100 Hz |
50 Hz / 60 Hz |
Rogowski/Zange | Rogowski/Zange | Rogowski/Zange | Rogowski/Zange | Rogowski/Zange | direkt, Zange | Rogowski/Zange |
600 V CAT IV | 600 V CAT IV | 600 V CAT IV | 600 V CAT IV | 300 V CAT III | 600 V CAT III / 300 V CAT IV |
600 V CAT IV / 600 V CAT III |
4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 4 |
- | - | - | - | - | 10 A | - |
4GB | 4GB | 4GB | 4GB | 4GB | 300 000 Werte | 4GB |
via software | via software | via software | via software | via software | - | via device |
via software | via software | via software | via software | via software | via software | via webbrowser |
via software | via software | via software | via software | via software | via software | via browser/software |
100/240 V AC 12 V DC |
100/240 V AC 12 V DC |
100/240 V AC 12 V DC |
100/240 V AC 12 V DC |
100/240 V AC 12 V DC |
2 x 1,5 V Mignon Steckernetzteil |
100/240 V AC |
3h | 3h | 2,5h | 2,5h | 3h | 120 h Batterie | - |
- | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Ethernet Bluetooth |
Ethernet Bluetooth USB WiFi |
Ethernet Bluetooth USB WiFi |
Ethernet Bluetooth USB WiFi |
Ethernet Bluetooth USB WiFi |
IR | Ethernet WiFi |
Modbus | Modbus | WiFi | Modbus | Modbus | device-specific | Modbus |
About 80 % of all PQ disturbances are originating inside the facilities after the PCC (Point of Common Coupling) and not by external sources.